Winter Theme Writing Paper

Winter Theme Writing PaperA good gift of a Winter themed writing paper is an excellent way to add a little fun and style to any home. There are many styles of papers that can be used for any room in the house, depending on what is going on at the time. If the children have a party at home, perhaps some fun party themed writing paper is a nice touch to add to the party.Another fun theme for the adults at home would be to create holiday themed writing paper. For example, the majority of Christmas themes are usually related to winter and the cold months of the year. A good idea would be to use Christmas themed paper to write some notes about the holidays. The person could then recycle their notes and use them again in the future.One other way to take a festive approach to winter would be to put together some seasonal decor. No one is going to notice if a guest is dressed up for the holidays. One way to do this is to place some holiday decorations in each room so that it is easy to see t he different colors and styles of the decorations.A happier, more family-oriented approach would be to create a note card with a happy, warm feeling to promote feelings of family and warmth during the happy season. With these cards, everyone can be reminded of the reasons to enjoy the winter months. There are many designs and styles that one can choose from, so it would be a great addition to any home decor.Another Christmas theme that many people like to use is that of a festive type of winter theme. One such idea would be to use a red, white and blue decorating theme for the inside of the home. The outside of the home would also be decorated in the same red, white and blue decorating theme, which looks very festive. This makes it look very warm and welcoming during the winter months.The same concept would work well for the kitchen as well, so it is a great idea to consider that area as well. It would make a very beautiful atmosphere in the home. A great thing about red, white and blue decorating ideas would be that it looks very festive during the winter months. It also looks great during the summer, so you can easily transition from fall to spring as well.There are many different options for decorating the home during the winter months. This is something that has been found to be very helpful to a lot of families, because the location can be rearranged around the colors that are used. One of the biggest problems with decorating the home during the winter months is the fact that there is nothing special or unique about the decorations.This means that families will have to resort to decorating within the styles that are very common. Most families tend to like traditional and classic styles, so the decorating of the home will be within those boundaries. All of the decorations, even the paper that is used for decorations, should be in classic styles.

Bank Financial Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bank Financial Management - Case Study Example bank has likewise expanded its speculation into the Federal Funds which may show that the bank’s in general arrangement might be to put into hazard free ventures. Net intrigue pay has indicated reliable patterns for a long time in any case, non-intrigue pay has declined too in year 1992. The general hazard profile of the bank in this manner might be surveyed through the blend of venture just as loaning made by the firm. Loaning to high hazard territories, for example, loaning to organizations and so forth further venture into more made sure about roads, for example, putting into government protections. The conversation on the loan fees by Mr. Jamison may not be totally show the genuine appraisal of the realities given the way that it is generally not known whether the loaning made by the Bank is present moment or long haul in nature. Further the remark on the absence of top notch credits truly should be seen from the point of view of the general hazard and return hunger of the bank. On the off chance that the attention is on accomplishing the steady returns, Bank may bear to have great advances in any case if the bank is eager to procure higher gainfulness its portfolio hazard may should be expanded. Further, the general rate affectability of the stores additionally should be talked about in a lot more extensive idea as it isn't just constrained to the loan fees yet rather its effect on the loaning will likewise be mulled over which has not been examined finally by different individuals from the ALCO. The current yield bend show the precarious increment in the rates and as such there means that expansion in momentary financing costs what is nonetheless, basic to take note of that the Bank will concentrate on getting long haul stores as opposed to making ventures into the drawn out protections. Since momentary financing costs are foreseen to change accordingly bank will likewise concentrate on making transient credits. This along these lines would additionally require the bank to search for a greater amount of working capital and buyer credits instead of expanding its

Examples Of Greed In The Great Gatsby - 1195 Words

Greed is a common flaw in all human beings, coaxing individuals to pour in all their effort without ever being satisfied. The ultimate goal for greed is generally achieving affluence. In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s insightful novel, The Great Gatsby, wealth is portrayed as the key factor in determining whether one is successful or not. Most people value prosperity over morals and ethics during the heat of pursuing their own ambitions; yet all unscrupulous behaviors do not escape God’s eyes. By utilizing eye motif, repetitions of sight words, and tone changes, F. Scott Fitzgerald justifies that avarice will always end in vain and amoral decisions will always end in regrets. Through the repetition of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg’s eyes, it becomes clear†¦show more content†¦From the pessimistic introduction, it foreshadows a later downfall. Starting from the first encounter, Nick has an indescribable feeling derived from the cogent stare. For example, as Nick and Tom slowly â€Å"walked back a hundred yards along the road under Doctor Eckleburg s persistent stare† (Fitzgerald 24), Nick feels uneasy about the inanimate billboard even though no one is staring at them. The location of the eyes, on the road half way between West Egg and New York, symbolizes the different paths of life. When one arrives at the turning point, they have their power to choose their path, but God will watch you as you make those decisions. Nick, for instance, faces the decision of whether to inform Daisy about Tom’s not so secretive affair or dissimulate the unfaithful relationship after the visit to Tom and Myrtle s secret apartment. As the decision was be ing made, God assists as a guidance. The second appearance of the eye motif serves as a warning to Nick, of all the moral consequences he will face for being dishonest. When Tom insists on driving Gatsby’s cream-colored car, Gatsby has no choice but to reluctantly agree and remind him of the necessary gas refill. Tom, being supercilious and disdainful, does not take his reminder seriously. The ride to the city is nearly silent, but â€Å"[t]hen as Doctor T.J. Eckleburg’s faded eyes came into sight down the road, [Nick] remembered Gatsby’s caution about gasoline† (FitzgeraldShow MoreRelatedMoney for Moneys Sake in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald804 Words   |  3 Pagesthink one of the most pervasive evils in this world is greed and acquiring money for money’s sake. Once you have six houses and a plane, it’s just about a number. It’s never been anything I understood.† This is a quote by Kevin Bacon, a very awesome and ap parently worldly actor, and it perfectly captures the essence of the theme that I have come to for The Great Gatsby. The theme I see most strongly reflected in the book is this: Although greed and lust are human nature, they are often used as a substituteRead MoreEssay on Greed In The Great Gatsby and The Grapes of Wrath935 Words   |  4 Pagestime of poverty and in a time of greed. Two novels, written by Steinbeck and Fitzgerald, portray this underlying greed and envy better than most novels of that period. These novels, The Great Gatsby and The Grapes of Wrath, show that despite the difference between the 1920s and the 1930s, greed remained a part of human life, whether superficially or necessarily, and that many people used their greed to damage themselves and others. In both of these novels, greed as a whole is negative, corrosiveRead MoreGreed And Materialism In The Great Gatsby Analysis1311 Words   |  6 Pagesinto a prosperous and previously foreign â€Å"consumer society† (History.com). The traits of greed and materialism are ubiquitous in The Great Gatsby, as well as in the Art Deco era of the 1920’s. These two characteristics can give one confidence, but as demonstrated in the novel, they bring nothing but short-term satisfaction. After which, feelings can run the gamut from desperation to childish behaviors. While greed and materialism have the power to seem favorable, bringing an amplification of socialRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay906 Words   |  4 PagesMaterialism in the Great Gatsby America has been labeled The land of opportunity, a place where it is possible to accomplish anything and everything. This state of mind is known as The American Dream. The American Dream provides a sense of hope and faith that looks forward to the fulfillment of human wishes and desires. This dream, however, originates from a desire for spiritual and material improvement. Unfortunately, the acquisition of material has been tied together with happiness in AmericaRead More Comparing the Perversion of Values in The Great Gatsby and Death of a Salesman1642 Words   |  7 PagesPerversion of Values in The Great Gatsby and Death of a Salesman      Ã‚   Throughout History there are many examples of perversions, from sexual, social to the very morals themselves. One of the greatest examples is the continuous corruption of the American Dream. As the Dream evolves, it tends to conform to the illicit dealings of the time and immortals of society. No longer is an individual interested in working hard to achieve goals, it is desirous of the quick fix. Society wants its wishesRead MoreNature of Man- Great Gatsby Essay1750 Words   |  7 Pagesbeing too selfish and just trying to have a better life. Being selfish requires caring only about what one wants and not what the rest of society strives for as a whole. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, it is evident through the characters that it is in man’s nature to be selfish through the act of cruelty, greed, and manipulating others to achieve a goal. It is in man’s nature to be selfish; this is shown through the act of cruelty. Cruelty is shown in the novel when Nick is speakingRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1258 Words   |  6 Pages What Killed Gatsby? Love or Greed? To certain people, Gatsby’s death was a cruel and surprising conclusion to The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. But there is still some mystery around the cause of Gatsby’s death. Upon meeting Gatsby for the first time, one can tell that he has an obsession centered around Daisy Buchanan, his old love, and was dead set on getting her back. Gatsby’s obsession with repeating the past is responsible for his death and Gatsby’s greed put him in a grave. FurtherRead More Fitzgeralds Exploration of the American Dream in The Great Gatsby702 Words   |  3 Pagesin The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, is a one of the best stories written during a chaotic period in our nation’s history, The Jazz Age. The Twenties were a time of social experiments, self-indulgence, and dissatisfaction for majority of Americans. Fitzgerald depicts all these characteristics throughout the novel with his interesting themes, settings, and characters. The most elaborate and symbolic character Fitzgerald presents to his readers is Jay Gatsby. FitzgeraldRead MoreThe Corruption of the American Dream in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby1345 Words   |  6 Pagesthe possibility of upward social and economic mobility earned through hard work, as corrupted and debased by the egotistic materialism of the 1920s, an era which Fitzgerald characterizes chiefly by its greed and lavish hedonism, in his celebrated novel The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald, in The Great Gatsby, seeks to discredit the supposed purity of the American Dream and belief that anyone ca n attain it through hard work. Instead, he argues that the dream is a mere delusion, altered so significantly fromRead MoreFailure Of The American Dream In The Writings Of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Zora Neale Hurston, And August Wilson1418 Words   |  6 Pagesdefine the failure of the †American Dream† in the writings of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Arthur Miller, Zora Neale Hurston, and August Wilson. Fitzgerald’s account of the Jay Gatsby s rise to fame in the 1920s defines the failure of financial success as part of the American Dream. Gatsby will eventually die due to his excessive greed, which is not unlike the emotional death of Willy Loman as he fails to become a successful salesman in Author Miller’s Death of a Salesman. More so, Hurston’s depiction of

Time is Running Out free essay sample

He thought there were no doors left; another one had slammed right in his face. RING! School was now in session. From my perspective, today was going to be a typical day. Time was already flying by but it wasn’t until third hour that my opinion was brought back to reality. Something was wrong. I didn’t know what had happened or if something was going to happen, but I could feel a sense of alarm. The further and further I journeyed through the halls, the more I began to think about it. Just as I turned the corner, I could see a large crowd of people hovering over something. From my standpoint I couldn’t see anything so I veered in closer to get a better vantage point. Instantly, my heart started to race. I could not believe what I was seeing. Alex’s face was dripping blood. RING! Since that was the lunch bell, the crowd quickly dispersed, leaving Alex all alone. We will write a custom essay sample on Time is Running Out or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sorrowfully, I walked up to Alex and said, â€Å"Are you all right?† Alex, trying to hold in his tears, replied â€Å"I’m fine. Just leave me alone. It was just a fight. I don’t need anyone’s help.† Granting his wish, I started to walk away. Even though he said he was fine, I could still feel my conscience telling me that something was not right. Who knows, though? Hopefully lunch hour could take my mind off the situation. On the way to my locker, my friend Joe ran up to me and said, â€Å"Let’s go play some football outside; all the guys are waiting for you; c’mon.† That’s exactly what I wanted to hear. A good game of football would take my mind off Alex. hearing this news, we immediately bolted outside. â€Å"Almost there,† Joe told me. â€Å"All right, end zones are the two trees and the baseball diamond. â€Å" As Joe pointed toward the trees, I caught a glimpse of Alex sitting all alone. â€Å"Joe, tell the guys to start without me. I’ll be back in a few minutes.† â€Å"Where are you going?† â€Å"Don’t worry about it.† Walking over to Alex I said, â€Å"Hey do you want to play some football?† â€Å"No, I’m horrible.† â€Å"It doesn’t matter. We’re just playing for fun.† â€Å"Ok.† Already late for the game, we sprinted over to the field. â€Å"Hey guys, do you mind if Alex plays?† With looks of disgust one of the guys selfishly replied, â€Å"We already picked teams.† I could see the look of ostracism in Alex’s eyes. â€Å"I’ll sit out. He can take my spot.† The guys all glared at me while Alex’s face beamed with delight. â€Å"All right, whatever, he can play.† After football, Alex and I went to the next class together. We talked and laughed in between classes: and at the end of the day, he invited me over to his house. I accepted his invitation. As soon as we got inside, he directed me a specific room. Not knowing what to expect, he slowly opened the door. I saw a rope and a chair. He told me, â€Å"Not until this afternoon did I find someone who actually cares. Today was going to be my last day. I would not have seen tomorrow. Words are not strong enough to tell you how grateful I am you ran into me.† Door slam after door slam, the one that mattered most managed to stay open. Since that day, Alex and I have became the closest of friends. I don’t care what people around me think. To this day, I am proud to say, he is my best friend.

The US Relationships with Panama and China

The U.S. and Panama Relationships since the End of the Cold War The USA and Panama relationships after the Cold War started with the invasion of the USA into the country. This was the first large-scale force of the USA non-connected with the Cold War. The main reason of such invasion was the overturn of the authoritarian leader, Manuel Antonio Noriega, â€Å"a corrupt dictator heading an efficient narcomilitaristic regime in Panama† (Gilboa, 1995, p. 539).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The US Relationships with Panama and China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The USA did not plan to provide military operations in the direction of Panama. Trying to warn, convince, beg, etc., the USA wanted to cope with the task by means of peaceful negotiations. However, Manuel Antonio Noriega did not want to stop harmful actions, therefore, the USA desired to act. Nevertheless, the USA just wanted to give a les son to the Panama leader and the force invasion was just the means for warning. However, the ac t was not that successful as the USA thought. After this measure, Panama was not of the high opinion of the USA. The USA was expected to learn a good lesson â€Å"after the damage of bureaucratic infighting and miscommunication was evident in the Panama and the Gulf crises† (Gilboa, 1995, p. 540). The U.S. and Panama Current Relationships Sullivan (2011) characterizes the current relationships of the USA with Panama as â€Å"extensive cooperation on counternarcotics efforts; support to promote Panama’s economic, political, and social development; and a proposed bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) that was signed in 2007† (p. 14). The free trade agreement between these two countries brings much advantage of the both parties of the deal. The USA offers great financial support for the development of the Panama business. The USA and Panama conduct many security operation s together. The relationships between these two countries are rather friendly, however, these relations are based on a number of treaties and agreements which are signed officially. Panama is unable to cope with drug trafficking and money laundering, there fore, the USA offers its assistance in such questions. The USA is interested in dealing with the issue as the USA remains one of the main markets for Panama drugs due to the appropriate geographical location.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Obama exclaimed to develop the labor and tax policy to make sure that the relationships between Panama and the USA are correctly signed. Therefore, Panama citizens have an opportunity to work legally on the territory of the USA with the minimum required documents and other legal issues. Panama Canal has always been the issue for discussion between the USA and Panama. Howeve r, the recent treaties have been developed where the Panama Canal remains the property of Panama, however, the USA has an opportunity to use it in military purposes whenever it needs. The U.S. and China Current Relationships The end of the Cold War presupposed that great changes are going to be completed in the configuration of the international relations. The USA shifted its interest from the European countries into the Asian ones. It should be mentioned that China has become the focus of the USA due to its rapid development. The USA understood that China is going to enter the world economics in the nearest future and the friendly market relationships with this country would bring good profit. Of course, the USA could not expect that everything would go straight, as â€Å"China’s involvement in international institutions, norms, and regimes in the near future† (Islam, 2006, p. 24) as well as the USA policy in the direction of China was to be the main issues for relati onships development. Nowadays, the relationships between the USA and China remain relatively stable. Even though China is far from democratic regime and the USA does not really appreciate such relations, still, the USA and China develop friendly relationships at the international; arena where the USA tries to make China a responsible stakeholder (Nagao, Yoshizaki, Sato, Okagaki, 2000, p. 29). Contrast and Comparison of the Two Relationships Looking at the development of the USA relationships with Panama and China, it may be stated that nowadays, the USA tires to remain friendly to other countries. The post Cold War period was complicated and the USA needed much attempt and diplomatic strength to understand which relations deserve attention and which ones are to be a failure.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The US Relationships with Panama and China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Panama and China are two countries which relationships with the USA after the Cold War developed differently, however, the current relationships are similar. The USA is the country which tries to control others in their development and gaining democratic issues, and Panama and China are the countries which remain under the USA control. China is independent from the USA, however, the USA does all possible to change the regime in China applying to the economical and political measures. Panama is the country which developed its relations with the USA through force invasion. Nowadays, the relations are friendly, however, Panama experiences some control from the side of the USA. Therefore, it may be concluded that having different post Cold War relationships, the USA develops its ties with such countries as Panama and China similarly. Works Cited Gilboa, E. (1995). The Panama Invasion Revisited: Lessons for the Use of Force in the Post Cold War Era. Political Science Quarterly, 110(4), 539-373. Islam, A. K. (2006). The post-cold war U.S.-China relations: win-win or zero-sum game. Asian Affairs, 28(2), 24-45. Nagao, Y., Yoshizaki, T., Sato, H., Okagaki, T. (2000, 1 March). Post-Cold War International Society and U.S.-China Relationship. NIDS Security Reports, pp. 1-56. Sullivan, Mark P. (2011, 11 May). Panama: Political and Economic Conditions and U.S. Relations. Congressional Research Service, pp. 1-33.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on The US Relationships with Panama and China was written and submitted by user Cohen Kennedy to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Admissions Applications and the Parent Questionnaire

Admissions Applications and the Parent Questionnaire One aspect of the private school admission process is the completion of a formal  application, which includes both a student and a parent questionnaire. Many parents spend hours going over the student portion with their children, but the parent application needs ample attention, as well. This piece of information is a crucial part of the application, and is something that admission committees read  carefully. Heres what you need to know: The Purpose of the Parent Questionnaire This document may also be  known as the Parent Statement. The rationale for this series of questions is to have you, the parent or guardian, answer questions about your child. There is the understanding that you know your child better than any teacher or counselor, so your thoughts matter. Your answers should help the admissions staff get to know your child better. However, its important to be realistic about your child and remember that every child has both strengths and areas in which he or she can improve.   Answer the Questions Truthfully Dont paint a picture-perfect vision of your child. It important to be genuine and authentic. Some of the questions can be personal and probing. Be careful not to distort or avoid the facts. For example, when the school asks you to describe your childs character and personality, you need to do so succinctly yet honestly. If your child has been expelled or failed a year, you must address the issue forthrightly and honestly. The same goes for information related to educational accommodations, learning challenges, and emotional or physical challenges your child may experience. Just because you disclose information that may not be a glowing positive, doesnt mean that your child isnt a good fit for the school. At the same time, full explaining  the needs of your child can help the school to assess if they can provide the necessary accommodations to ensure success. The last thing you want to do is send your child to a school that cant meet your childs needs.   Make a Rough Draft of Your Answers Always print out a copy of the questionnaire or copy the questions into a document on your computer. Use this secondary place to write a rough draft of your answers to each question. Edit for coherence and clarity. Then put the document aside for twenty-four hours.  Look at it again a day or so later. Ask yourself how your answers will be interpreted by the admissions staff who do not know your child as you do. Have a trusted adviser or, if you have hired one, your educational consultant, review your answers. Then input your answers into the online portal (most schools require online applications these days) and submit along with the other documents. Write Your Own Answers Do not underestimate the importance of the Parent Questionnaire. Something that you may say in your answers could  resonate with the admissions staff and make them feel a connection to you and your family. Your answers might even tip the scale in your childs favor and help the school understand how they can play a primary role in your childs education, helping him or her succeed and achieve their best, both during the years attending the school and beyond. Take plenty of time to craft thoughtful, considered answers that accurately reflect you and your child. Do not have an assistant answer these questions for you. Even if you are a very busy CEO or a  single parent working full time and juggling multiple children, this one document is extremely important; make time to complete it. This is your childs future at stake. Things are not like they used to be decades ago when perhaps the mere fact that you were an important person would suffice to get your child admitted. The same is true for consultants. If you are working with a consultant, it is still important that your questionnaire, and your childs portion of the application (if he or she is old enough to complete one) should be genuine and from you. Most consultants would not write the responses for you, and you should question your consultant if he or she suggests this practice. The school will want to see evidence that you personally have tended to this questionnaire. It is one more indication to the school that you are a committed and involved partner with the school in your childs education. Many schools highly value the partnership with parents and family members, and investing your time in the parent questionnaire can show that youre dedicated to supporting your child and that you will be an involved parent.   Article edited by  Stacy Jagodowski

Rebuttal of an Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rebuttal of an Evaluation - Essay Example Leonard Pitts appeal to the logos of the audience through his ability to induce a logical response in the audience as he provided some reasonable analysis on how the 9/11 terrorist attack ultimately took the innocence of Americans away from them. Leonard Pitts’ ability to draw some historical comparison with the September 11 terrorist attack is another way that he appeals to the logos of the reader. Another way that the author persuaded the audience was in his appeal to their pathos. Pitts integrates some emotions in his article as he makes use of stunning and distinctive language that would appeal to the emotions of any audience any day any time. The author’s appeal to the emotions of the reader could be seen in the first paragraph, when he says that, â€Å"But there had not, since Watergate, been a true crisis, no event of the kind that shakes a nation, that stops it cold and takes its breath and makes it anxious about its future.† (Pitts par.1). This strong st atement brings the audience to the realization that the 2011 terrorist attack is one of the most devastating events in the history of the US in recent times. Thus, Leonard Pitts successfully appeals to the pathos of the reader as their emotions have been acted upon by Leonard Pitts as he evokes the fear of insecurity in them as he makes them know that their innocence has been taken away from them. Though, most of the things the author wrote about are known facts, but the fact that the author did not relate them to some credible sources shows his failure to the appeal to the ethos of the reader. Thus, for readers that do not know the ‘facts’ that the author presented, they might actually doubt the authenticity of his report. Thus, Leonard Pitts did not really appeal to the ethos of the reader. Rhetorical analysis on Timelines" by Lewis Lapham Timelines by Lewis Lapham is also an article that the author uses some strategies to persuade the audience by appealing to their l ogos, pathos and ethos. Lewis Lapham brilliantly appeals to the readership as he tries to persuade the audience on the need to learn more about the history of America. Lapham’s appeal to logos is clearly seen when he was trying to see the dearth of knowledge in the history of America as 22,000 students were questioned about the history of America. Lapham also gave succinct reasons to the students’ lack of knowledge in the history of America as he claims that the students of America had performed poorly in recent years. It is therefore not unusual for students that have performed poorly in other subjects to also perform poorly in the history of America. Lapham’s appeal to the emotions (pathos) of the reader could also be seen when he says that, â€Å"If we no longer hold the study of history in such passionate regard, it's because we like to think of our political institutions as monuments or museum pieces, completed works in a past tense, and if American school children believe that Squanto is a rock group, it's because they live in a society that thinks of history as ornament and stage design-a subject fit for interior decorators and best rendered as a theme park.† (Lapham par.4). Lapham also appeals to the pathos of the audience by claiming that the dwindling economic fortune of the country is due to the failure of Americans to learn their history as he

Marketing phychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Marketing phychology - Essay Example stomers for instance, internet marketing, relationship marketing, industrial marketing, personalized marketing, social marketing, and attractive branding of products. Internet marketing was derived to capture digital customers and shun traditional marketing techniques. E-marketing was specifically formulated to target young and literate consumers because they have minimum time to watch televisions and listen to radios. Social media is profoundly used because it displays the picture and description of products. Relationship marketing always target reputation the company products have on the consumers. Customer loyalty is paramount for the prosperity of a business entity. Relationship between suppliers and consumers must be robust and sturdy to keep rival firms at bay (Napier, H. Albert, 2006, 21). Business flourishing is dependent on good marketing strategies that are directed towards target customers. Apple Company owes its success to availability of market niche that it capitalized on effectively for instance, there were few organizations that offered mobile phones and tablets at a cheap price. Segmentation element helped Apple identifies places, and customers that buy their products. Areas with low customer turn over however, require frequent advertisements, and after sale services for example, discounts to make them turn up in large numbers (Russell & Stern, 11). Alternative products greatly influence the nature of marketing to undertake because it provides customers with a better option when company’s goods and services are not appealing. Similarly alternatives create a boundary of differentiation between every company’s goods and services. This helps in guiding potential and new customers to the organization to avoid unhealthy competition. Consumer psychology mainly deals with personal tenets that drive consumers to choose the type of products, businesses and services they want in a market full of suppliers and retailers. Consumer psychology is

Failing to Love Essay Example for Free

Failing to Love Essay In her story â€Å"Never Marry a Mexican† Sandra Cisneros introduces the reader to the complex issues surrounding the racial and sexual identity of a Mexican-American woman living in the United States. The story is about a Chicana woman and how she seeks revenge on a white lover who has rejected her by becoming the sexual tutor of his teenage son. Cisneros give life to the protagonist Clemencia and paints her as a character in a modern day to demonstrate the pervasive negative impact on Mexican-American women, especially on Chicanas residing within the United States. Clemencia, the protagonist of the story, thinks â€Å"Drew, remember when you used to call me your Malinalli? It was a joke, a private game between us, because you looked like a Cortes with that beard of yours. My dark skin against yours†¦My Malinalli, Malinche, my courtesan, you said, and yanked my head back by the braid† (192). Clemencia is a painter, but she must support herself in other ways too. She sometimes acts as a translator; however for Clemencia Spanish is now the â€Å"native† language. In this discussion of her occupation, Clemencia pronounces â€Å"any way you look at it, what I do to make a living is a form of prostitution† (181). She feels as though when she is not painting she merely sells herself to make a living, much like La Malinche had to do in her relationship with Cortes. Clemencia constantly allows herself to fall in love with unavailable men who are always married and always white. This pattern results from her mother’s constant advice, â€Å"Never Marry a Mexican†. Clemencia’s mother, a lower-class Chicana woman from the United States who married an upper-class Mexican man, felt inescapable discrimination by both her husband’s upper-class family and mainstream U.S. society for her dark skin color. Her answer to this was to marry out, and supposedly up, by divorcing Clemencia’s father and marrying a white man. It is because of this example that Clemencia never sees Mexican men as potential lovers. She explains: â€Å"Mexican men, forget it. For a long time the men clearing off the tables or chopping meat behind the butcher counter or driving the buss I rode to school every day, those weren’t men. Not men I considered as potential lovers. Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Chilean, Columbian, Panamanian, Salvadorean, Bolivian, Honduran, Argentine, Dominican, Venezuelan, Guatemalan, Ecuadorean, Nicaraguan, Peruvian, Costa Rican, Paraguayan, Uruguayan, I don’t care. I never saw them. My mother did this to me†(179). Here Clemencia is adopting the racist Anglo discourse by lumping all Latinos into one, unified group. Her discussion of â€Å"Mexican† does not distinguish between class and race; to her â€Å"Mexican† means busboys, butchers, and bus drivers. Mexican is no longer the nationality of the people of Mexico, but rather a class of servers who happen to be brown. Here Cisneros demonstrates how the racism of dominant society in America is often internalized and serves to separate the people of disempowered groups. Cisneros makes a strong statement against internalized racism by showing how Clemencia’s rejection of men of her own race and obsession with white men ultimately leaves her lonely. Clemencia comes to the frustrating, yet enlightening realization that the white men in her life have, like her, adopted the mantra â€Å"never marry a Mexican† when she remembers the conversation Drew and she had the last night they spent together. Clemencia recalls in an inner dialogue, how â€Å"we had agreed. All for the best. Surely I could see that, couldn’t I? My own good. A good sport. A young girl like me. Hadn’t I understood†¦responsibilities. You didn’t think? Never marry a Mexican. Never marry a Mexican. No of course. I see. I see† (186). Now Clemencia is now lost without a proper choice of lovers. Mexicans are out of bounds because she could never marry a Mexican, but she now realizes that white men are also out of bounds because they too could never marry a Mexican; they could never marry her. Cisneros is therefore demonstrating how internalized racism does not serve to differentiate certain ethnic Mexicans from others in the eyes of white society, and instead only serves to isolate such Mexican-Americans from the culture to which they are supposed to feel connected. By having Clemencia reject the roles of wife and mother and instead embrace the socially deviant mistress role, Cisneros demonstrates how women who refuse socially acceptable roles often must do so at the expense of other women. In an attempt to claim agency that she would otherwise be denied as a married Chicana in dominant, patriarchal society, Clemencia embraces the role of the mistress. The mistress, because of her strictly sexual nature, is traditionally regarded as a role that reinforces male dominance in heterosexual relationships. Through her role as mistress and her rejection of the role of wife or mother, she attempts to combat the patriarchal system of oppression and makes allowances for flexibility of gender-role expectations. However because the role of the mistress also depends upon there being another woman, the wife, who is betrayed by both her husband and the mistress, the mistress role does not combat the patriarchal system for all women. It does, in fact, reinforce patriarchal oppression of the wife/mother role. Clemencia seems to have little problem acknowledging her betrayal of other women. She candidly tells the reader â€Å"I’ve been accomplice, having caused deliberate pain to other women. I’m vindictive and cruel, and I’m capable of anything† (179). Therefore, in order to escape subscribed gender roles and claim agency in her sexual relationships, Clemencia hurts other women. Cisneros seems to be saying that â€Å"mujeres andariegas†, or daring women who reject the roles society expects of them, do not help to institutionally change society for all women but rather must betray other women in their search for personal freedom. Clemencia attempts to further com bat patriarchal gender roles in her sexual relationships the role of el chingà ³n. When describing sex with Drew, she says â€Å"I leapt inside you and split you like an apple. Opened for the other to look and not give back† (185). Here Clemencia not only takes on the man’s part by â€Å"leaping† inside, she also executes the violent actions attached to the verb chingar. Clemencia imagines that this sexual aggressiveness empowers her over Drew. She says â€Å"You were ashamed to be so naked†¦But I saw you for what you are, when you opened yourself for me† (185). To Clemencia, sexual relations are based on power dynamics, and in order to escape the passive feminine chingada role she must embrace the possessive, dominant, masculine chingà ³n role. Clemencia extends her embodiment of the chingà ³n role into her dealings with the wives, and even a son, of her lovers. More than once she had sex with a lover while his wife was in labor with his child. She confesses â€Å"it has given me a bit of crazy joy to be able to kill those women like that†¦To know I’ve had their husbands when they were anchored in blue hospital rooms, their guts yanked inside out†(184). Clemencia’s relationship with Drew’s son is another example of her fulfilling a sort of â€Å"vindictive sexual satisfaction†. She says of him â€Å"I sleep with this boy, their son. To make the boy love me the way I love his father. To make him want me the way I love his father†¦I can tell from the way he looks at me, I have him in my power†¦I let him nibble†¦Before I snap by teeth† (187). Therefore she seduces him not to satisfy the yearning of her body or hear, but rather to achieve sexual power of the son, which she perceives as giving her indirect power of his parents. Clemencia is ultimately left lonely without a lover, a connection to her culture, or meaningful female friendships. The reason for this lies in the world view Clemencia has inherited from her society. She perceives the world in black and white, in terms of inescapable binaries between which she must choose. She fails to become an acceptable marriage partner to Drew, she fails to escape being hurt by her lovers even as a mistress. Works Cited Never Marry a Mexican. Random House, Inc. and Vintage Books1991

What view of mankind does Golding portray in Lord of the Flies? :: Free Essay Writer

What view of mankind does Golding portray in Lord of the Flies? This essay will explore the psychology and thinking behind the characters and writing of the novel 'Lord of the Flies'. Overall, it will answer the question; 'What view of mankind does Golding portray in Lord of the Flies?' From soon after its discovery, if it was 'discovered' at all, the beast becomes more than just a thing on a mountain (its most predominant form), it becomes a major symbol of mankind, and its psyche. Throughout the story, the beast takes on many more forms than the previously mentioned appearance. Once as a 'beastie', seen in the forest by the smaller children. This actually turns out to be the creepers. Sometimes as a large figure that falls from the sky and lands on top of the mountain. This is simply a dead parachutist, but it is left alone by the boys (apart from by Simon, and one expedition by three boys), and is feared greatly by the inhabitants of the island. Lastly, as a pigs head on a stick. This is simply its physical representation, but its existence runs much deeper than this. This head is what is really wrong on this island, but only Simon finds this out, and his life is ended in a fit of excitement. Throughout the story, the beast, in whatever form it takes, takes shape as a small worry, develops into a growing fear, until it reaches a level almost equal to a deity of some kind. The sad thing about these children is that they never quite realise the beast is not a physical thing at all, and if it ever was, they should not have feared it. The only thing the beast was - that was truly fearful - was the hate, evil and ability to harm burning deep inside each and every one of the boys. The main purpose of the beast in this story is to display that without something to fear and respect (a primitive form of religion), then man can, and possibly will go crazy. The conch is the very first important discovery on the story, next to the discovery of two survivors. This discovery is so near to the beginning of the book that it becomes something close to not only Jack and Ralph, but also to the reader. It brings together all of the island dwellers right from the first gathering. The boys advance slowly into savagery, and at the same rate as this happens, the conch slowly loses its importance and democratic symbolism, the boys respond less to its calls, and soon enough, it only calls Sam, Eric, Ralph and

Media as extension of man

Marshall McLuhan is widely considered as one of the most important intellectual figure of 20th century and widely noted for his contribution on media culture and philosophy of media studies. McLuhan rose to international fame in 1960s when his work on mass media and its effect on social and individual behavior was published. . His remarkable observations on nature of simple things those have central importance in defining the cultural and behavioral outlook of society. In predicting the role of media, especially through modern revolution of electronic revolution and use of computers, views of McLuhan adopted futuristic tone in stating the extended role of medium itself as the message, from its earlier perception of just being a carrier of the message. He realized the importance of electrical processes in shaping and defining the reality of world, views that have been validated especially after computer revolution and increasing integration of world through internet as chief medium of communication and medium of message Medium as Message As a prelude to understanding the media as the extension of man, McLuhan puts particular emphasis on the importance of medium itself that is generally regarded as just a carrier of messages or information as playing the role of message. This implies that the medium through which the messages are being communicated is not an inert entity, rather it participates in the process by extending the role of man and contributes by adding further dimension in affairs with help of technology. In the context, McLuhan uses his famous example that dwells on nature and role of electric light. Light, as McLuhan points out, is not just a medium of information, but also complete information in itself. Although the general and common view puts actual significance on the content of the message that light visibly carries and ignores the role of light itself, the fact remains that it is the medium itself that defines the scale and nature of human association with the information (McLuhan, 151). McLuhan illustrates this by signaling out major corporations such as IBM, GE and AT&T who took time to realize the fact they are not in the business of producing machines and equipments but in the business of channeling information. McLuhan argues that media also similar and defining effect on social and cultural psyche of people. Notwithstanding the content that it carries, it’s the media that has transforming powers on the society and people. Thus McLuhan dispenses with the notion that media as a medium can be treated as a passive entity, unresponsive and non-participative in the entire process of information processing that it is facilitating in its capacity as a medium. A television, radio, or telephone engage people irrespective of the content that they deliver and thus extends the role of man through their technological inputs. Before the advent of electrical age, the age of computing and information technology there was ambiguity over the role of medium as the message. But with the instant speed and extent that electricity has provided, media as a medium has certainly become as the message and it contains the potential to institute change, alter the paradigms and establish new cults irrespective of the nature of the content that it carries and delivers. Assisted and buoyed by technology, media extends the role of man. Media as extension of Man Technology plays a central role in McLuhan’s theory of media as extension of man. The extension, as it is apparent, is the extension of the mental faculties, knowledge, approach and culture of the man in the changing world. The electric technology has helped man to grow his conscience and mental capacity to attempt to comprehend things on a far greater scale than ever possible. In words of McLuhan, the stimulation provided by electronic technology represents the final extension in role of man where creativity, knowledge, and consciousness will collectively grow and extend over entire humanity in affecting the extension of man. The role of technology is evident in the process as it’s the diligent pursuance of technology that has brought transformation of world into a global village. People are interacting with each other on changed scales and electric speed, by causing a rapid contraction of social and political forces to create an implosion that increases people’s sense of responsibility and acts on different groups of people to alter their previous positions and integrate them in the new order of things. Commenting on the expanding field of human desire of knowledge, McLuhan says that electric speed and reach has made concept of partial and incomplete knowledge an obsolete thing. Mankind now vie for wholeness, completeness and depth of knowledge, in conformation with the changing form of electric age over its pervious mechanical world. There is a renewed sense of finding out the world once again, armed by newly realized power of electric and computer technology and in its new extension, mankind doesn’t want to accept things in their previous forms. Rather it aims to overthrow imposed patterns and declare the individuality of things and events in totality (McLuhan, 149). The role of new technology in media has always created conflicts and challenges in the society until finally it extends the role of man and then overtaken by new emergent technology. McLuhan presents two strong instances of this fact (McLuhan, ). First when he quotes Alexis De Tocqueville, who was first to master the understanding of print and typography technology, to inform that De Tocqueville had predicted rise of America and relegation of England from their approach and reaction towards the new technology of print in media. England, burdened with its tradition of oral laws, did not fully accept the new technology of print and as such choose to ignore the power of new media. America on the other hand embraced the new technology and hence was benefited immensely by the uniformity and continuity that new technology of print culture had to offer thereby extending their role in the contemporary world. Taking this argument further, McLuhan theory can be stretched to further dimensions that a similar transition is taking place with the advent of new electronic mediums of computer and information technology. In fact, McLuhan himself states that to many people in the contemporary literate world the new media technology would appear as unsettling as the technology of print would appear to tribal natives of remote Africa. Thus the new electric technology guiding media in forms of television, computers, movies, information technology, Internet and mobile phones demands a similar extension of man over rudiments of past age of mechanical technology, detribalizing society senses through its blinding speed and seemingly infinite capacity to channel and process information. In a very pertinent analysis of the new emergent media, riding on electric and communication technology, McLuhan states the new media presents a possibility to completely overrule the cognitive, analytical and cultural traits of the societies it affects because this medium is made much more strong by having its content as another medium which is usually print or speech. The new media gives the power of vision, voice and interaction to an already potent media of print that it integrates in its own design, and in the combined synergy it overpowers the viewers who are left numb and awestruck (McLuhan, 114). The nature of the modern media also plays a very important role in extending the role of human mind and consequentially the whole society.   McLuhan presents his important and famous demarcation of mediums as ‘hot’ and ‘cool’ mediums. A hot medium as defined by McLuhan is one that involves high definition, high data processing, and requires little imagination on the part of viewer. On the other side a cool medium is one that is not high definition, has low amount of data and users have to apply considerable imagination and their own creativity to comprehend the whole picture. Thus categorizing media in these two categories, McLuhan points out that by this definition a radio is a hot medium and a telephone is a cool medium, a movie is a hot medium and TV is cool medium, a photograph is a hot medium and a cartoon is a cool medium. A very important feature of the hot and cool medium emerges by virtue of their definition. A hot medium demands little participation by viewers, in the sense that it is so complete in information that it leaves little for imagination. Similarly, the cool medium is involves a higher participation by people because it leaves many gaps to be filled by audience. Hot and cool media play very different role in affecting the psyche and culture of the society where they unfold. In this context McLuhan states that developed countries having specialized themselves with mechanical technology of past age face the fear of retribalizing by the new electric media whereas the less developed nations that encounter the new technology extend their role by detribalizing themselves. Thus the less developed countries in themselves cool medium, while the developed and highly urbanized western countries are hot medium. The role of media has extended the role of man by changing his very perception of world. While the preceding mechanical age was focused with expanding the horizons of world, rediscovering and redrawing the limits of human knowledge and hence affecting a cultural and knowledge ‘explosion’, the modern technology pushing ahead media has reversed the process by bringing everything together, thus affecting a kind of implosion where entire world practically faces itself through the media. People, willingly or unwillingly, have been clubbed together, sharing the same space with more and more people. The electric media, it can be safely said, thrown every one is every one’s else life. In what can be surely reckoned today as one of the most prophetic statements, McLuhan clearly said that the new electric media has a remarkable capacity to decentralize the functioning of society, a fact that is more than evident in our modern world. But writing in 1960s, McLuhan had predicted that whereas mechanical system requires some fixed centers of operation and hence lead to development of great urban centers, electric power would decentralize the social-cultural space by providing equal opportunity to every place and hence as any place, equipped by power of electric media can act as center. This change and extension of social roles is almost complete today as we can see that through a combination of electric mediums of computer, telephones, video conferencing, Internet, and electric power any room or place can act as the center of large operations. This is the power of new media that is implicit in McLuhan’s writing, transforming every one’s earlier role and nature of functioning. The nature of modern media, acting through computers, Internet and information technology, is all encompassing and sweeping, just in lines of its predecessor forms of media. The theatre, when it emerged took over written form of drama; movies took over all the novels and written work and TV took over the movies. Today computers are perfectly poised over to take over all the forms of media. Radios, Televisions and gramophones helped many hitherto obscured persons for example poets, artists, speakers, and writers to gain recognition world over. Today the power of information technology expands this role further by bringing further convergence of world as we see it. In affecting this convergence it is simultaneously delegating new roles to people that has the responsibility to interact and evolve in much closer proximity of every body else.                           

Magic in Harry Potter - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 936 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/04/04 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Harry Potter Essay Did you like this example? It is no secret that books have a way of impacting an entire world. Over the course of history, books such as To Kill a Mockingbird, The Secret Life of Bees, The Hunger Games, and Harry Potter have changed the lives of millions of people. These books have important lessons and morals that are crucial in the lives people build, even though others have challenged them. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Magic in Harry Potter" essay for you Create order The Harry Potter series is significant because despite people challenging its content, it has many themes in the book that has made a positive impact on its readers and the world they live in, influencing them to make a change and live better lives. Over the years, many people, have argued against the series, claiming it teaches demonic lessons and witchcraft. While the Harry Potter series does incorporate witchcraft into the storyline, it is not used in a way that influences children to practice it. Instead, it is used to emphasize the good moral lessons present in the series. J.K. Rowling uses magic to build a theme of good vs. evil, showing how the protagonist chooses good over evil. Good magic exists in Harry Potter, Rowling did not create a demonic lesson behind this fantasy world. The world of witchcraft and wizardry in Harry Potter is like other dimensions in other multiple famous novels. For example, Narnia is another universe in the Chronicles of Narnia book series. Harry Potter is just another example of a world created from fantasy and imagination. Rowling in no way tries to persuade readers to practice demonic witchcraft. The witchcraft in the series is used to teach readers life lessons and to positively inspire the m to be better. Despite what others say, the Harry Potter series is still important in shaping the character a young person strives to be. While the Harry Potter series is classified for the childrens section, the entire storyline is spewing with life morals that adults still need to learn. Some of these morals are simple while others are deeper, but both sides still greatly impact peoples lives. People will argue that the Harry Potter series influences anti-family themes, although a common theme portrayed in the series is, in fact, family. Harry finds the people he loves at Hogwarts, the wizarding school. Love is present within Hogwarts, whether it is through the teachers, friends, or siblings, and is the opposing side of evil that is present throughout the series. Love and family are used to fight against evil and can be seen in every character. Even though Harry never met his parents, his love for them helped him survive when evil tried to destroy good. Rowling uses love to show readers it is the most powerful tool in the universe and can stop any type of evil. It is the oldest form of good vs. evil. In another case, Lord Voldemort kills his father because he did not have love; he grew up in an orphanage and was incapable of love, feeling abandoned and unwanted. Since he was incapable of loving someone and was never even loved himself, he turned to power. This is not an anti-family theme, but just an example of how the absence of love, trust, and family can contribute to negative lifestyles. This is another way of how Rowling compares positive themes to negative themes in order to inspire readers. In a 2007 documentary, J.K. Rowling: A Year in the Life, Rowling discusses how she chose to incorporate themes in the series that readers would find a personal connection. The series is used to educate readers on real life problems and inspire them to be better. Conflicts that occur in the series are parallel to problems that occur to real people in everyday life. For example, Lupins struggle with being a werewolf is supposed to reflect a person with AIDS and the struggles they deal with (A Year in the Life). Rowlings purpose is to connect to her readers, not negatively influence them. Death and depression, more darker themes present in the series, are used to emphasize the positive themes. Readers use the experiences from the characters to connect with their lives. By seeing how these characters deal with these real-life problems, readers are encouraged to deal with their own problems in an effective way. For example, violence is a reoccurring event people see and deal with, whether it is at home, in the news, or in the simplest form. Rowling uses violence as a reason to fight for the good side. An effective novel such as Harry Potter needs that conflict of protagonist vs. antagonist/good vs. evil, or else there is no structure and people lose interest. Rowling uses the evil parts of life to emphasize the good in order to encourage readers to do the same, to fight for what is right. Not only did Rowling create a legacy that changed the world of literature, she used it to solve real world problems; Rowling used her books as a gateway into making a difference. In other words, she created books that changed the world now she created a charity, Lumos, that will do the same. Lumos is an organization that helps orphanages and institutions for children around the world. Rowlings intentions were never to harm her readers, but to use the Harry Potter series to make a positive difference in their lives. Therefore, it is an important piece of art because it does not purposefully influence children to participate in negative actions, but instead can change their lives for the better and teach them lessons they can carry out through their whole lives.

Is Sex All That Matter - 1108 Words

In â€Å"Is Sex All That MAtter ?† by Joyce Garity, she offers up commentary on today’s teenagers that are being bombarded with unrealistic expectations of their sexual behavior. Many of the unrealistic sexual images shown in television, advertisements, and magazines influence these adolescents behavior and dreams. Several of these advertisers trumpet sexuality making the teenagers expectation for their own sexual life unrealistic and unsafe, due to the fact that they are unaware of the consequences that can occur; For example, sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancy. Should advertisers be morally responsible when advertising, or should the teenage consumer be more vigilant and aware of the unrealistic sexual images used in marketing? Should the government become more involved with regulating content and/or modernizing sex education in our public schools? Adolescents must be more realistic as to what they should expect with the unrealistic lifestyle they are trying to live. However, it is understable as to why these teenagers are inspired by all the unrealistic sexual images. Who would not want to be a beautiful model with flawless hair and makeup, living a luxurious lifestyle, and also seeing the people in the advertisements not having to worry about the consequences that may occur because of sex. But apparently the people in these advertisements do not have any consequences as to worrying about using condoms or birth control due to the fact that they do not want toShow MoreRelatedThe History Of Sexuality By Michel Foucault1729 Words   |  7 Pages17th century, sexuality was not a big deal, and various sexual acts were pursued more or less deliberately. Primarily, there was no taboo concerning sex and people of all age groups including children were well aware of sexual behaviours. 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Although, the authors ha ve similar themes disused in their topics, there are more differences in how they view same sex marriage. One of the main topics discussed in both of the articles is the meaning of marriage. Sullivan describes marriage as a â€Å"social and public recognitionRead MoreAustralian Law Reform Commission :990 Words   |  4 Pagesof the first few countries throughout the world to legalized gay marriage. Since this approval there has been new debate as to where Australia stands on same-sex marriage. The amount of same-sex couples in Australia increased by 32% from 2006 to 2011 and 70% of the Australian nation believe that Australia should allow the right to same-sex marriage. Before the Marriage Amendment Act 2004 by the Howard Government, there was no previous definition of Marriage in the 1961 Act and the definition was

Dinner Party with the Presidents Essay - 1021 Words

A dinner party with three individuals from the pre-Civil War era would be both entertaining and extremely informative. Although those who lived in the United States hundreds of years ago have little in common in their day-to-day lives and activities, I believe people who lived through these uncertain times would have much wisdom to lend modern-day Americans. For my dinner party, I would invite Andrew Jackson, Abraham Lincoln, and George Washington. All three of the Presidents I would invite to my dinner party grew up in the South and I imagine they each enjoyed a hearty, rich meal. I would serve them Cuban-flavored pork shoulder with black beans and a spicy salsa topping including a few flavors they may not be used to including jalapenos†¦show more content†¦House of Representatives. Lincoln earned quick respect with the public for his dynamic personality and as a popular orator. He was well-spoken and his calm demeanor put the public at ease. In reading a number of Lincoln speeches, I find his passion invigorating and inspiring. I also admire the way he seemed to uphold his pledge to do what he believed to be the right course of action despite the power of his opposition. He maintained strong relationships with people like Frederick Douglas that may not have favored his agenda and actions but certainly respected his commitment to a personal ideology (Biography.com n.d.). George Washington was raised in Virginia and married a wealthy woman. He owned a plantation with a number of slaves and later entered politics after his military career in leading the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. He became the first President and was a prominent participant in composing the Constitution (History.com n.d.). There is hardly another American from pre-Civil War times who may have more to offer in the way of story-telling than George Washington. 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Bugatti Research Free Essays

This learning time choose the company of Bugatti because research into the company’s process design and manufacturing process was done in previous classes and the team found the process that Bugatti uses to be interesting. The Bugatti name has been known made to order, high quality, fast spot cars since 1910. The original car produced by Ettore Bugatti was seen as an innovator in the design and quality of cars for that time. We will write a custom essay sample on Bugatti Research or any similar topic only for you Order Now Today the Bugatti name, presently owned by Volkswagen, is still known for producing unique, made-to-order, high-quality automobiles. The Bugatti Company manufactures the high-performance sport car Veyron. The Veyron is available in only a few trim levels. Bugatti uses the make-to-order system to produce it cars. As a result Bugatti only produce a few hundred automobiles a year. The Bugatti Veyron is a vehicle for the super-rich because of the price is over a million United States dollars. The most basic model is only one to two hundred thousand less. A vehicle costing that much has to come with the best technologies and features. The Veyron does not let the buyer down in any area of technology. Some unique features to the Veyron include a rear spoiler that extends and retracts, depending on the speed of the vehicle. The spoiler is a vital safety component of the Veyron. The Veyron’s engine produces more than 1000 horsepower and the engineers at Bugatti designed the spoiler to flip up and act like an air-brake found on airplanes. When the brakes are applied the spoiler assist with the stopping the vehicle at high speeds. Another unique feature of the Veyron is the 10 radiators used to cool down different components in the engine. The purchasing and manufacturing of a Bugatti is the perfect example of lean production, which eliminates waste in the process and purchasing cycle time. Bugatti eliminates waste during production and purchasing. The process is like no other vehicle that is made-to-order. A Bugatti’s purchase is similar but more stringent than the process of buying a home, but with more prestige. To purchase a Bugatti the buyer has to apply for the automobile, the application is submitted to a French security firm for a thorough background check to ensure the applicant’s worth and liquidity. Because of the limited qualified buyers, Bugatti allocates little money for advertising, promoting, and marketing of the automobiles. Instead of promotions, Bugatti invest in shipping demonstrator vehicles to the driveway of selected prospective buyers that have passed background checks. Bugatti also allocates money to pay top race-car drivers to deliver vehicles to the perspective buyers. One of the unique items in the manufacturing process of Bugatti is in the interior leather. The entire manufacturing process of a Bugatti is unique in a sense because an absolute advantage concept is applied. In a sense is used because Bugatti selects suppliers of an aristocratic nature to manufacture their product but spares no expenses. The interior leather is interesting because it is made by Hermes, known for handbags, over competitors like Luis Vuitton or Versace. Researched revealed a relationship dating back to the 1920s between the Hermes and Bugatti families. Hermes has always made luxury leather that complements the Bugatti name. The Bugatti name has and continues to stand for speed and quality. The made-to-order system and lean production process has made the reputation of Bugatti stay strong since the start in 1920. When the Volkswagen Company purchased the Bugatti name in 1998, they promised to live up to the standards of the founder Ettore Bugatti. The unique design and features continues to make the automobiles different from their competitors. The unique design and features also only make the Bugatti attainable only for the rich and famous. How to cite Bugatti Research, Essays

Marketing & Management Adidas Case Study with Examples

Questions: 1. Assess the importance to Adidas of using both above-the-line and below-the-line communication. 2. Explain how successful you feel the high cost use of sponsorship has been to Adidas? In your answer suggest other ways in which you feel this promotional budget might have been beneficially spent. 3. Assess the usefulness of Adidas use of social media in its Take the Stage campaign. 4. Young people are a dominant market segment of Adidas target market. Justify whether you feel that this restricts the market for their products, or do you feel that they are doing the correct thing? Answers: 1. The communication of messages that will create attention and attraction for the brand and the product could be both above-the-line and below-the-line. The communications strategies are so done to ensure that the message conveys a commercial as well as a valuable meaning. Thus while promoting a brand or a name, using of these two tactics is essential. Adidas used both above-the-line and below-the-line promotional communication to infuse a sense of strength and importance on their promotional message. It particularly used the sponsoring of the attire for Team Great Britain (Team GB) in the Olympic Games. The line here refers to the awareness or attention level on the marketing objective. The above-the-line communication strategy is using of media and advertising techniques to deliver a message that will rouse the general interest of the public. On the other hand, a below-the-line communication strategy is where the direct selling occurs. It also involves sponsorships of programs, public relation campaigns and social media campaigns that drive the message home. The most significant factor for which a combination of both is utilised by marketers is that while above-the-line communication creates an interest and calls for attention, a below-the-line activity convinces the people of the brand name and its objective. Thus, above-the-line communication creates a brand image and below-the-line activity fosters the brand identity and takes the first step in building a brand trust. Apart from these factors there are some significant differences between the two types of communicating strategy. It is not only the end goal that is defined by the use of the strategies, but also the type of target audience that is targeted through the communication. While ATL or Above-the-line communication will act in favour of a large audience, a BTL or Below-the-line communication will ensure that the target group is limited and it will remove costs and generate more mobility. Again, when the target group is large and complex it is better to use an above-the-line strategy to communicate the message as a whole, it will ensure that the message is universally distributed. Thus, a below-the-line strategy is used when he target group to whom the message is to be delivered is small and limited. It will ensure that it is less costly as there is no wastage on delivering the message to people who are not concerned. In this case scenario, Adidas has a large group of people who forms its customer base. Not only does people wear the brand but are genuinely interested in it. But again the sports lovers are a limited section of people who will buy branded clothing for practising or completing their sporting activity. Hence, it would be effective to make use of both the strategies to ensure that the best of both the methods are applied to receive the ultimate result. The above-the-line campaign of Adidas includes advertisements on TV that features the best sports personality and talents. These ads place the products strategically in the limelight. These advertisements were not restricted to TV but used every available media to showcase the glamorous aspect of the brand. These ads carried a different message than the other sponsor ads and focused on the passion for sports feature. It resulted in creating a niche market for the campaign. Later on, the advertisements changed into the below-the-line mode to a drive of sending the customers to visit the website. It was a more valued communication through which Adidas created a corporate reputation by upholding its strategy to showcase new talents and provide them with life-changing opportunities to meet their favourite sports stars. This "take the stage" activity is termed below-the-line as it did not directly promote the brand name or the product. But at the same time created an identity and built a reputation regarding Adidas' role in the society (Tustin, 2002). The social media campaign and the videos shared on YouTube featuring the Team GB athletes and David Beckhams surprise visit to the photo booth, generated wide awareness of Adidas promoting the sport. Thus, it can be seen how the right mixture of the two kinds of communication strategy played a great role in ensuring that the anticipated message is perceived. Also, it leads to the creation of an image of Adidas being the most popular sports brand in the international scenario and its concern and associatedness with the love for sports. Also, companies like Adidas make a mixture of above-the-line and below-the-line communication processes to effectively measure the success of their activity. The above-the-line communications could be measured by the sales growth and the number of footfalls. A below-the-line communication will not show direct result but will be perceived by the genuine interest of the people and through the response that is gathered from the media. Thus, it is important for Adidas to utilise both the methods of promotion to ensure that its extensive marketing message is delivered to all the targeted groups and the potential groups in an effective manner. Also, the heritage of Adidas being associated with the Olympics could only be focused on the efficiency of the promotional activity that will showcase the attachment and of the brand with the greatest sports event of all times. Finally, it is the wise and clever use of documentaries and TV spots that created the charm of the "Take the Stage" campaign. The above-the-line adverts and the below-the-line documentaries and social media campaigns were significantly important in creating a brand value. This brand value was sustainable as it created an image of the brand that was attached to the brand for a long time. Also, the use of both the type of communication is effective in reducing cost and targeting a wide number of people. An extensive marketing campaign means targeting a greater number of people. Again, for a major event like the London Olympics a brand that is the official sponsor should go all out in its marketing strategies. Thus, the application of both types of communication will promote the message from the front directly and indirectly. This would ensure that the brand perceived in the positive light and is given thought. In the end, the use of above-the-line communication was done to create hype that is very much essential for a sponsor. Also, the use of below-the-line communication program would ensure that the brand is successful in delivering its message and creating a brand image and corporate reputation by directly linking the people with the brand and the Games. It is an example of integrated marketing approach that is done to gain a path breaking success. 2. Sponsorships are one of the significant marketing strategies utilised by the company. The London 2012 was the perfect platform for utilising the sponsorship tactics to create a convincing market base. It is one of the costliest sponsorship programs as Adidas was the first sportswear to offer designer sportswear supplied for all the rounds to Team GB. The branding of the entire event and the Team was effective in establishing itself as a market leader among sportswear brands. The cost efficiency of the activity is still doubted. Adidas has been the tier-one sponsor of the event that paid a 100 million and was the most talked about brand during the entire game. The designing was the most expensive segment along with the Team GB kit. This public relation activity created the platform for further promotions. The campaign also invested in digital activities of including videos and social media feedbacks. Thus, digital media campaigns could be cost effective in a lot way. It is the expenses on the setting up of the booths, celebrity endorsements and involvements as well as the talent contests that took up the most costs. The adverts that guided the people to the websites were also an extravaganza and hence, overall it was the huge investment that led to the success of the campaign. The investment of Adidas in the Olympic was very far-reaching, and it transcended the original marketing of the brand and was successful in achieving incredible results. It is proven by the fact that during the game week the Oxford Street story of the brand achieved sales figure beyond normal than the other stores of the brand. The critics thus acclaimed that this was one of the most incredible marketing activity of all time. Thus, it could be said that the high cost incurred by the Company in the sponsorship activity was effective to a large extent in deriving the result it anticipated. But a loss was perceived in the sector of people's views as according to half of the world Nike was perceived as the brand associated with the sponsorship of London Olympics 2012. Where brands like Adidas invested a fortune in establishing a global exposure and fostering positive values for the brand, it was Nike who somewhat stole the show away (Davies, 2012). This was because the most visible endorsements were not done by Adidas but by Nike. The non-sponsor campaigns were not free to associate themselves directly with the Game or the buzz words. Thus, it was the social media campaigns, the tweets, the videos and the posts that created the hype of the product. It is seemed that Nike was mentioned 25000 times more than Adidas, and so were the tweets. The growth in the Facebook and Twitter page was significant. Also, it was a very smart move to make the athletes wear Nike off the fields and on side events. This success of Nike questions the success of the heavy cost of Adidas' sponsorship program. Hence, few recommendations are suggested to the ways the promotional budget could have been used by Adidas to derive similar success, yet in a very constructive and cost efficient manner. Firstly, it was essential to draw clearly a line between the above-the-line and the below-the-line promotional activity that was adopted. A below-the-line activity is a most necessarily un-conventional way of promoting, but the use of TV adverts to drive the viewers to the website was blurry and convincing. Also, it required much spending for shooting the adverts. A below-the-line promotion of the event like sales promotion, public relations would have fetched similar result. Also, the use of social media pages and linking the websites to the social media pages would have informed the target audience. Secondly, the promotional budget could be divided into conducting separate promotional programs that would benefit the financially weak athletic aspirants of the country. This would have been an effective public relation program that would create a lot of positive vibes. The word of mouth would be effective in creating hype and upgrading the corporate reputation. Also, this activity would have directly linked the campaign with the London Olympics 2012. Also, Adidas could have gone the Nike way of promoting the essence of achieving and spreading of emotional stories through advertising alone. The sponsorship of the event meant taking up of greater responsibilities and more cost and expenditure in the promotion of games and the kits. Although, the event was successful, it would have saved a lot of money spend on designing the kits. Finally, Adidas could have used sales promotion and direct selling methods to ensure that its involvement was perceived. In the store promotions and marketing activities like distributing game tickets or souvenirs. Live show on the stores and branding of sports bar would have fetched more crowds and could have been cost effective at the same time. It is suggested because; during the Olympics the crowd would be most at this places, and thus it would be easy targeting them and driving the idea home. The sports bar and stores would be the most authentic ground for sales promotion activities. Hence, the studies and the case study show that the Olympic "Take the Stage" campaign of Adidas was very successful in creating a strong market base and hype. But is also seen that the expenditure on the campaign and the sponsorship was huge, in comparison to other non-sponsored sports brands, the targets and sales achieved was a bit lower and thus a list of activities that would involve both above-the-line and below-the-line is suggested. These activities would not only directly hit the right note but would also be very cost effective and hence would have proved to be a proper spending of the huge promotional budget. 3. Adidas made a very wise use of a mixture of traditional and digital media to promote its "Take the Stage" campaign for London Olympics 2012. The activities like the photo booth, YouTube videos of the athletes singing and the Adidas take-the-stage app were brilliant marketing ideas that created a lot of buzz regarding the game and the brand. It is seen that the digital media is the most sought after media option of today's world. With the availability of smartphones and the many social media sites, it connects people, especially the youth across the world. It is the best platform available to marketers to reach the youth base and gain maximum share. It works like the word of mouth. People consider them as authentic and put more trust in an article that is approved by others. That is the unique benefit of social media uses Adidas uses that in these campaigns. Adidas has 13 million fans in Facebook and 138k followers in Twitter. But even then, it could be said that social media stands out for quantity than quality. It is already seen that more people hang out in the virtual platforms than on real world. Thus, it is perceived as most to effective to engage the people in these platforms and provide them access to the brands. According to Adidas, it is the digital mentality that is the reason behind the emergence of the social media channels. The fundamentals of marketing are used on the social media platform. The first criteria are to create a clear objective of what is needed to be accomplished. In this case, the objective was to ensure that Adidas becomes the talk of the town for the London Olympics. It wanted to generate the spirit of sports with the zeal to achieve big. Secondly, a company must understand what their customer is, what their need is and how to reach them. Adidas was already aware of the digital mindset and knew that the best platform to reach their potential customers that are the youth is through the social media platforms. It is these places where the sports lovers flock even for their daily updates. Again, the customers of the brand are mostly young people who are into sports or sportswear as they find it cool. Other people are fans of the athletes or are sportsperson themselves. The social media is the platform where these people get their daily dose of news and information, a platform to portray t hemselves and their talents and hence the brand would find majority of their followers and potential customers in these regions (Macleod, 2012). The next stage is to understand what they need and hence the market surveys or patterns shows that the most desperate needs of the people are to get involved with the Olympics. Also, it is seen that these young people love impersonating their favourite athlete or wear what they are wearing. It is a symbol of their love for the celebrity, the social standard and fashion sense. Hence, an opportunity can be provided to the common people to be near their favourite stars or get their hands on articles and clothes that are worn by their favourite stars. The third segment of marketing is the creation of a compelling storyline that will create value and help in connecting with the target group online. For summer Olympic 2012, Adidas gave the opportunity for the kids of UK to get involved with the game. They rolled out videos and stories of the local heroes and activities of kids. It was a huge localised campaign of engagement. This videos and success stories were presented online. To differentiate Adidas from the rest of the brands, the brand recruited 32 young people who were the ambassadors for each district of London. There were 32 documentaries and two TV spots. It showed how Adidas realized the dream of many and then went on showing the individual story of Team GB. This was the value and the connection that was provided. The usefulness of the social media campaign lies in the fact that the number of mentions of #TakeTheStage and @adidasUK in Twitter and Facebook were maximum and crossed over 100,00o and 15,000 times. These results were equally potent even at the time of the closing ceremony. These numbers and figures provide proof to the fact that the campaign was accepted, appreciated by the people. As people will view this page and will share it further, the message will be spread. It does not require must cost in creating a page or uploading a video online. The 24-hour availability of the fans and their constant sharing of feeds, mentions and likes kept the brand name in the forefront for the entire games. This in turn led to the sale of items and the Oxford Street store gaining an unprecedented sales record (Campaignlive.co.uk, 2015). Another essential factor that is noticed is the attribute of social media as a marketing platform. A marketing communication is more effective when there is a two-way street that delivers a message and at the same time gains feedback. This feedback is useful in assessing one's techniques and brings about the required change. Hence, the social media platforms offered pathways of gaining consumer insight. The direct comments, the number of lines were the feedback that helped the brand in structuring and strengthening its campaign strategy. The campaign focused more on quality than over quantity as created the value and sustained it. The campaign was very simple yet very compelling. Starting from the first looks to the opportunities to meet their stars, Adidas created and maintained the idea of delivering value. Thus, it is seen that social media could be a very effective portal for creating a buzz and keep that buzz alive. Also, for brands like Adidas, who cater to the younger generation, this field proves to very useful in reaching them and connecting them with the brand. It is the smart and innovative use of the massive opportunities that led to the success of the overall campaign. 4. Sports are related to physical exercise and are considered as a part of youthful life. It is generally up to the age of 40 that most people are related to sports, and the number is very low. Although, sports is loved by people of all ages it is the young people who are more related to it. Thus, sports lovers are not necessarily the sports buyers. Big sports brands like Adidas and Nike find the young people as their major market segment. Starting from basic sports shoes and fittings to sportswear's and kits are manufactured, designs and sold by these brands (Germano, 2015). Another reason for which the young people are considered as the dominant market segment of Adidas is the social status quo that is attached to the use of sportswear brands. Their favourite sports celebrities easily influence the young people and try to impersonate or copy their styles. Also, peer pressure makes the young people buy stuff and avail products that are considered to be socially top-notch. Thus, it is these reasons that make the big shot brand like Adidas target this person for all their marketing activities. But the dominance of these target market restricts the growth and marketing opportunities of the brand to a certain extent. The youth are targeted by all the sports brands and thus it would be wise for Adidas to concentrate on other segments also. Obviously the brand cannot promote its sports kits and swimwear to people aged above forty. But the promotion of branded relaxing wears, plain tees and other sports memorabilia would attract this target segment. The collection of sports-related memorabilia is a favourite hobby of many people; the brand could easily target them. On the other hand, kids could be targeted with their product range that is custom-made for kids. Printed or graphic clothes with images of sports personalities are a huge favourite among the kids and teenagers. They are a very crucial segment of the brand and will cover the future customer group of the brand. Among the young people, it is mostly the male segment that is targeted by the brand as sports are more related to men. Although, there are enough young women who are involved or interested in sports, the number of aged women interested in branded sportswear and kits is very less. Thus, while it could be said that focusing on a single dominant market would lose away on a great number of people from other segments; it is also seen that the brand won't do well focusing on other segments (Reuters UK, 2015). The kids below twelve years of age are consists of only a miniscule part of the youth segment. The old people are very less compared to the dominant segment and focusing on them would mean changing the brand's original way of doing business. This would affect the brand image and might lose the dominant market group to a large extent. The products that are marketed by the brand are essentially made to cater the dominant market, and it could hardly be said that the dominant market segment of the youth will restrict the sale of the products. Hence, raises the question of whether it is a correct thing to focus on a single segment of the youth to target the marketing of the products. The answer is yes. It is quite right that focusing on a single group does whisk away some major consumers. But the company will suffer great losses if it focuses on some other segments. The product range of the brands are geared, kits and clothing articles that are embossed with the logo, and this is the trademark that incites interest among the dominant target group. For the aged it is more of quality than the market hype that helps them in making the purchase decision. Adidas to gain strong marketing ground uses social media into target its marketing messages to the target consumers. This opportunity will be lost to an extent if the target groups consist of aged people. The traditional media of broadcast and print would be more effective in targeting these people. The cost of advertising and marketing through traditional media is costly and time consuming without any proper methods of evaluating and gaining feedback. Hence, it is another reason that shows why the brand should majorly concentrate to its original and most dominant market segment. Also, while the other sports brands focus on the young people, Adidas moving out of the scenario will be fraught with risk. The brand would lose out on the competitive ground and would require re-positioning of the brand. It is safer and much more competitive to invest in the most popular market segment of the industry. A brand restructuring and repositioning requires in-depth market study, expenditure and different marketing techniques. This might not yield the anticipated result and will totally change the brand image. It would create a very negative impact on the brand. Thus it could be said that for a premium brand like Adidas, sticking to its original idea but at the same time creating different marketing campaigns would ensure that the company continues to enjoy equal fandom and success in the market, and its resources are best utilised. Thus in conclusion it could be said that Adidas has gained a well-deserved accolade through its London 2012 Olympics "Take the Stage" campaign. The campaign targeted not only the dominant youth group but also the sports lovers of UK. It created a very moving story on the success of the athletes and the local heroes of UK. It generated a sense of passion and zeal to achieve in everything. The social media was very widely used as a below-the-lone promotional tactics. The combination of the different techniques, sponsoring of Team Great Britain created the overall hype and helped Adidas take the centre stage in world sports brand industry. Conclusion The Adidas sponsorship campaign of London Olympics 2012 was one of the most successful events of history. The well known sportswear industry took the initiative to not only sponsor the event but Team Great Britain and provide branded and designed sportswear and kits for the events. The company utilised both above-the-line and below-the-line communication strategy to deliver its message widely and extensively (Tustin, 2002). Thus, while above-the-line advertisements called for immediate sales, the below-the-line communication was effective in creating hype and building reputation. The high cost of the campaign was a bit of an extravaganza but was quite effective in reaching the targets. The report highlights the issues and cites examples in providing a recommendation to the effective use of the promotional budget in reaching a greater success. One personal observation is the fact that it is not always the expanse, but the creativity and imaginative ideas that lead to the success of the endeavours. While Adidas spend a lot, Nike adopted better creative methods. But in an overall measure, the different range of activities undertaken by the brand and a combination of above-the-line and below-the-line communication was significant in the success. The company also utilised social media pages and links to the greatest extent to reach their ultimate customers and fans. It created a word of mouth or in this case sharing to generate views, and it was mentioned record-breaking times (Campaignlive.co.uk, 2015). The sportswear culture is more prevalent among the youth and these people could be found easily and successfully through the social media portals and could be targeted and communicated efficiently. The social media portals also offer methods for measuring success. Hence, the decision was excellent and drives maximum people to the websites. Finally, the company made a very wise decision by targeting the dominant market segment through the event. The dominant segment comprises of the young people who are most attracted to branded sportswear for its attachment to the celebrities and due to peer pressure. The company could have targeted older people, but then they would have to provide different products to the target segment (Reuters UK, 2015). This change would not only have created a negative impact but is also ambiguous and risky and will mar the company image. Hence, by targeting kids and teenagers, the company adopted the correct strategy to help the local heroes and make them feel the brand. This enhanced the brand image and reputation and also generated huge sales. The observation made on these is the use of suspense, celebrity endorsement and amazing public relation activities used wisely to target the niche market. The use of social media was right on the mark and the company utilised all its resources. The issues that are identified is the fact that is not much clear demarcation between above-the-line and below-the-line communication that is utilised by the company for the event. This has lead to certain confusion regarding the individual success of the two types of communications strategy. Also, it is hard to define the less costly measures that could be taken for promoting such a large event. The social media promotion was a huge success and wise approach while the target market is still doubted. The research was conducted through the texts and market studies and articles that are available on the internet. The key sources were the criticism of the marketing activity and the company profiles that provided the relevant information and filled up the gap present in the case study. It was thus an extensive research process that provided the solutions and ideas and helped to identify the issues. Personally the exercise was effective in describing and providing much insight into one of the biggest marketing campaigns that were ever taken. Also, there are some brilliant examples and amazing ideas that provide ample opportunities for learning the different marketing techniques and applications that could be used. The task was not only educative but provided rich insight and help for future endeavours. Thus, it could be said that the task is quite successful in providing knowledge, information and opportunity. Also, a lot has been learned about Adidas and the strategies and visions of the brand. The insight is important, and the ability to identify issues and methods are great steps for the learning activity. References 1. Campaignlive.co.uk, (2015).Advertiser of the Year: Adidas. [online] Available at: https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/1163680/advertiser-year-adidas [Accessed 16 Aug. 2015]. 2. Davies, L. (2012).Team GB rocks to Queen as Adidas pulls off marketing coup. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2012/aug/12/team-gb-rocks-to-queen [Accessed 16 Aug. 2015]. 3. Germano, E. (2015).How Adidas Aims to Get Its Cool Back. [online] WSJ. Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-adidas-aims-to-get-its-cool-back-1427072066 [Accessed 16 Aug. 2015]. 4. Macleod, D. (2012).Adidas Take The Stage at 2012 Olympics - The Inspiration Room. [online] The Inspiration Room. Available at: https://theinspirationroom.com/daily/2012/adidas-take-the-stage-at-2012-olympics/ [Accessed 16 Aug. 2015]. 5. Reuters UK, (2015).Analysis - Adidas marketing push an uphill battle against cool Nike. [online] Available at: https://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/08/08/uk-adidas-nike-rivalry-idUKKBN0G81MR20140808 [Accessed 16 Aug. 2015]. 6. Tustin, D. (2002).The relationship between above-the-line advertising and below-the-line promotion spending in the marketing of South African products and services. [Place of publication not identified]: [publisher not identified].